Evidence Act Section 60 in BSA
Evidence Act Section 60 corresponds to BSA Section 55 under the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023.
| Old provision | Indian Evidence Act, 1872, Section 60 |
|---|---|
| New provision | 55 |
| New Act | Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 |
| Mapping | Mapped |
BSA Section 55 — Oral evidence to be direct
Drafting note. In heading word "must" is replaced by "to" and paragraph are numbered as clauses (i), (ii), (iii)and (iv). Word "also" is replaced by "further".
Oral evidence shall, in all cases whatever, be direct; if it refers to,-- (i) a fact which could be seen, it must be the evidence of a witness who says he saw it; (ii) a fact which could be heard, it must be the evidence of a witness who says he heard it; (iii) a fact which could be perceived by any other sense or in any other manner, it must be the evidence of a witness who says he perceived it by that sense or in that manner; (iv) an opinion or to the grounds on which that opinion is held, it must be the evidence of the person who holds that opinion on those grounds: Provided that the opinio…
Questions this page answers
What is Evidence Act 60 in BSA?
Evidence Act Section 60 is BSA Section 55 — Oral evidence to be direct.
Has the provision changed?
In heading word "must" is replaced by "to" and paragraph are numbered as clauses (i), (ii), (iii)and (iv). Word "also" is replaced by "further".
Which law applies to an offence today?
Offences committed on or after 1 July 2024 are dealt with under the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023; earlier offences continue under the Indian Evidence Act, 1872.
Official data, Public source · as of 2026-07-05 · every row this page summarises carries its source, capture date and licence through the API.